Russia ‘Conflicted’ on How to Mark 100 Years Since Revolutions

Moscow (AFP) – It was the year that ended centuries of royal rule, brought two revolutions, ushered in Soviet domination and changed the course of Russian history irrevocably.

A century later, the country seems unsure how to treat the tumultuous events of 1917 that saw it hurtle from the abdication of the last tsar Nicholas II to a Communist dictatorship in a matter of months.

During seven decades of Soviet rule the seizure of power by the Bolsheviks was celebrated with pomp by the Kremlin and the tsarist regime was demonised.

But after the collapse of the USSR in 1991 there was a u-turn that saw the royal family canonised and public opinion increasingly view the upheavals not as a triumph but as a tragedy that sparked generations of bloodshed and suffering in Russia.

Now, over a quarter of a century after the Communist empire founded by Vladimir Lenin vanished, current leader Vladimir Putin appears to be performing a balancing act.

Some 500 conferences, round tables, exhibitions and art festivals are planned to mark the centenary — but so far, at least, there are no signs that there will be any major fanfare.

“Russian society needs an objective, honest and profound analysis of these events,” Putin said in a speech last year.

“The lessons of history are needed primarily for reconciliation, to strengthen society,” he said, adding that it is “impermissible to let the splits, malice, resentment and bitterness of the past into our life today.”

A former Soviet-era intelligence officer, Putin has turned himself into what many see as a kind of modern tsar and surrounded himself with a new super-wealthy elite.

A Soviet soldier buys a ticket for the performance of the Seventh Symphony in Leningrad in August 1942

His mantra has been restoring stability, strength and unity to the country after the upheaval that followed the end of the Soviet Union, and returning Russia to the conservative values of the past.

Following mass anti-Kremlin rallies in 2011-12 and the ouster of the Russian-backed leader of Ukraine by protesters in 2014, authorities have been increasingly wary of any popular revolt that could impact their grip on power.

And some analysts say the main aim of the authorities now is to use discussions of 1917 to warn against any uprisings.

“The centenary of the revolution will allow the Kremlin to immunise Russians against any form of revolts,” sociologist Lev Gudkov, the head of the Levada Centre independent pollster, told AFP.

But while those at the top may want to downplay the revolutionary spirit of 1917, they also seem keen not to offend the considerable chunk of the population who pine for the Soviet past, especially ahead of a presidential election next year.

In rare comments on the Bolshevik leader, Putin has accused Lenin of putting an “atom bomb” under Russia’s foundations that later exploded.

Yet he has also waxed nostalgic about the Soviet Union and famously described its collapse as “the greatest geopolitical catastrophe” of the twentieth century.

Under his rule the authorities have highlighted the glories of the Soviet period — particularly victory in World War II — as the Kremlin has sought to reassert some of its lost influence abroad.

Despite years of debate the embalmed body of Lenin remains in his mausoleum on Red Square and last year the Levada Centre found some 40 percent of Russians viewed his role positively, while just 20 percent saw him in a negative light. … (read more)

Source: AFP

Related articles

• Is Russia Still an Enigma? (americanthinker.com)
• Highlighted Letter: Russia furor overdone (bostonherald.com)
• Vladimir Putin is distancing himself from Trump’s claim that Obama tapped his phones (businessinsider.com)
• World War 3: The Triangle: Russia (pakalertpress.com)
• Hundreds hit Common (bostonherald.com)
• KREMLIN: We’re patiently waiting for a US policy on Russia (businessinsider.com)